Human-elephant interactions have always had profound consequences on their respective distributions, but more recently conflict has generally led to the exclusion of elephants (Hoare & Du Toit, 1999; Parker & Graham, 1989).
This review focuses on current human-elephant conflict mitigation strategies, illustrating them where possible with examples of their success and/or failure. Each strategy ‘group’ is then discussed, with emphasis on its (potential) success, relevance, costs and benefits.
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